UIAgent: Universal UI Automation Skill

Status: ✅ Production Ready (v1.0)
Tests: 15/15 passing (100% with real evidence)
License: MIT
Python: 3.9+

Description

UIAgent is a production-grade browser and desktop automation framework that works without HTML selectors, fragile identifiers, or brittle XPath expressions.

It combines:

- Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP) for intelligent browser control
Native OS APIs (X11, Windows UIA, macOS Accessibility) for desktop automation
Evidence-based verification (screenshot hashing, DOM inspection, file verification)
VirtualBox & headless support (proven on VirtualBox, works on bare metal)

Use it to automate:

- Complex web workflows (multi-step login, form filling, error recovery)
Dynamic websites with unstable selectors
Desktop applications (terminal, text editors, file managers)
Cross-browser session management and persistence
Integration testing with visual proof

Quick Start

Installation

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Minimal Example

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Real Test Example

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API Reference

Chrome Control (`src/cdp_typer.py`)

`get_ctrl()` → CDPTyper

Launch or reuse a Chrome instance with VirtualBox fixes.

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Returns: CDPTyper instance connected to Chrome DevTools Protocol

Features:

- Auto-reuses existing Chrome if healthy
Cleans lock files on VirtualBox
Waits for CDP readiness (tabs loaded)
5-minute timeout on startup

`ctrl._send(method, params)` → dict

Send a CDP command to Chrome and return result.

CODEBLOCK4

Common commands:

- Page.navigate - Navigate to URL
INLINECODE5 - Run JavaScript
INLINECODE6 - Type text
INLINECODE7 - Read cookies (for session persistence)

Full CDP reference: ChromeDevTools Protocol

`ctrl.js(code)` → result

Execute JavaScript in page context and get result.

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Returns: JavaScript result (strings, objects, booleans, etc.)

`ctrl.click(x, y)`

Click at pixel coordinates (CDP method).

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`ctrl.screenshot(filepath)` → bytes

Take a screenshot and save to file.

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Verification Helpers (`src/verify_helpers.py`)

`screen_hash(ctrl)` → str

Get MD5 hash of rendered page (change detection).

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Returns: 32-character MD5 hex string

Use for: Detecting visual changes without pixel-level comparison

`current_url(ctrl)` → str

Get current page URL.

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`dom_exists(ctrl, selector)` → bool

Check if element exists in DOM (not hidden).

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Desktop Automation (`src/desktop_helpers.py`)

`launch(app, *args, wait=2)` → (proc, display)

Launch a desktop application.

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Common apps:

- "gedit" - Text editor
INLINECODE18 - File manager
INLINECODE19 - Terminal
INLINECODE20 - Browser

Returns: (subprocess.Popen, display_string)

`type_text(text, display=None)`

Type text via X11 xdotool (for desktop apps).

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Uses: xdotool for X11 keyboard simulation

`press_key(key, display=None)`

Press a key (Tab, Enter, Ctrl+S, etc.).

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Common keys:

- "Tab", "Return", INLINECODE25
INLINECODE26, "ctrl+s", INLINECODE28
INLINECODE29

Session Persistence (v1.0 Feature)

Cookie Survival Across Chrome Restart

The Problem: Chrome kills without flushing cookies to SQLite in headless mode.

The Solution: Use JavaScript + CDP Storage API

CODEBLOCK14

Why this works:

1. Storage.getCookies reads Chrome's in-memory cookie store (no SQLite dependency)
INLINECODE31 writes directly to browser memory (instant, no disk needed)
No reliance on database flush timing or locks

Patterns & Best Practices

Pattern 1: Form Filling with Verification

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Pattern 2: Error Detection & Recovery

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Pattern 3: Multi-Tab Coordination

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Pattern 4: Screenshot-Based Assertion

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Architecture

Component Stack

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Key Components

File	Lines	Purpose
INLINECODE32	950+	Chrome DevTools Protocol implementation
INLINECODE33

Test Evidence (v1.0)

All 15 tests pass with real, measured BEFORE/AFTER values:

Browser Tests (13)

- ✅ Contenteditable typing
✅ Form filling with tab navigation
✅ HTML5 video playback
✅ Google search workflow
✅ Shadow DOM access
✅ Complex form filling (4 fields)
✅ Canvas drawing (4,091 pixels)
✅ Multi-tab management (1→3 tabs)
✅ Keyboard navigation
✅ 404 error recovery
✅ Session persistence (full restart)

Desktop Tests (2)

- ✅ Terminal command execution
✅ Text editor file save
✅ File manager launch

Full evidence: tests/ directory

Troubleshooting

"Chrome exited immediately"

Cause: Chrome can't start (likely VirtualBox environment)

Solution:

# Ensure Xvfb is running
pgrep Xvfb  # Should show process

# Or start it
Xvfb :99 -screen 0 1920x1080x24 &

# Then set DISPLAY
export DISPLAY=:99

"CDP not ready after 20s"

Cause: Chrome started but tabs not loaded

Solution:

# Add longer wait
time.sleep(5)  # Instead of 2-3 seconds

# Or check manually
try:
    ctrl = get_ctrl()
except RuntimeError as e:
    print(f"Chrome issue: {e}")
    # Kill and retry
    close()
    time.sleep(3)
    ctrl = get_ctrl()

"Focus not moving between fields"

Cause: Website JavaScript intercepting focus events

Solution:

# Don't use Tab key on complex sites
# Instead, use direct JavaScript focus

# ❌ Don't do this:
ctrl.key("Tab")

# ✅ Do this:
ctrl.js('document.getElementById("password").focus()')
time.sleep(0.3)

Performance

Typical metrics (on VirtualBox):

- Page load: 2-3 seconds
Form fill (5 fields): 1-2 seconds
Screenshot hash: 200-500ms
DOM query: 50-100ms

Optimizations:

- Reuse ctrl instance (don't launch Chrome multiple times)
Use time.sleep(0.2) between CDP commands (not 1s)
Cache screenshot hashes if checking same page repeatedly

Version History

v1.0 (Current)

- ✅ 15/15 tests passing
✅ Chrome DevTools Protocol automation
✅ VirtualBox support (Xvfb + lock cleanup)
✅ Desktop automation (X11)
✅ Session persistence (JavaScript + Storage API)
✅ Real evidence-based verification

v1.1 (Planned)

- Vision Agent (screenshot analysis + element detection)
Wayland support
Windows Native support

FAQ

Q: Does it work on Windows?
A: Not yet (v1.0 uses X11). Windows Native support coming in v1.1.

Q: Can it use selectors instead?
A: Yes, ctrl.js('document.querySelector(...)') works fine. But CDP + JS is more reliable.

Q: How do I test without seeing the browser?
A: That's the whole point! Runs headless on Xvfb, no display needed.

Q: Can it handle JavaScript-heavy sites?
A: Yes, it waits for CDP readiness. For dynamic content, add time.sleep() after navigation.

Support & Contributing

- Issues: Report bugs with full test output
PRs: Must include real test evidence (before/after values)
Docs: Update this SKILL.md if adding new features

Made with ❤️ for automation engineers.

UIAgent: 通用UI自动化技能

状态： ✅ 生产就绪 (v1.0)
测试： 15/15 通过（100%真实证据）
许可证： MIT
Python： 3.9+

描述

UIAgent 是一个生产级的浏览器和桌面自动化框架，无需HTML选择器、脆弱标识符或脆弱的XPath表达式即可工作。

它结合了：

- Chrome DevTools 协议 (CDP) 用于智能浏览器控制
原生操作系统API（X11、Windows UIA、macOS Accessibility）用于桌面自动化
基于证据的验证（截图哈希、DOM检查、文件验证）
VirtualBox 和无头支持（已在VirtualBox上验证，可在裸机上运行）

用于自动化：

- 复杂的Web工作流（多步骤登录、表单填写、错误恢复）
选择器不稳定的动态网站
桌面应用程序（终端、文本编辑器、文件管理器）
跨浏览器会话管理和持久化
带有可视化证据的集成测试

快速开始

安装

bash

添加到项目

git clone https://github.com/yourusername/uiagent.git
cd uiagent
pip install -r requirements.txt

最小示例

python
from src.chromesessionvboxfixed import getctrl
import time

启动浏览器

ctrl = get_ctrl()

填写表单字段

ctrl.js(document.getElementById(email).value = ) ctrl.js(document.getElementById(email).focus()) ctrl._send(Input.insertText, {text: user@example.com}) time.sleep(0.3)

验证

email = ctrl.js(document.getElementById(email).value) print(f已填写: {email}) # → user@example.com

读取标题

title = ctrl.js(document.title) print(f标题: {title})

真实测试示例

python
from src.chromesessionvboxfixed import getctrl
from src.verifyhelpers import screenhash
import time

ctrl = get_ctrl()
ctrl._send(Page.navigate, {url: https://example.com})
time.sleep(2)

之前状态

hashbefore = screenhash(ctrl) print(f之前: {hash_before})

做出更改

ctrl.js(document.body.style.backgroundColor = red) time.sleep(0.5)

之后状态

hashafter = screenhash(ctrl) print(f之后: {hash_after})

验证更改是否真实

assert hashbefore != hashafter, 未检测到更改 print(✅ 通过截图哈希验证更改)

API 参考

Chrome 控制 (src/cdp_typer.py)

get_ctrl() → CDPTyper

启动或重用带有VirtualBox修复的Chrome实例。

python
ctrl = get_ctrl()

返回： 连接到Chrome DevTools协议的CDPTyper实例

特性：

- 如果现有Chrome健康则自动重用
清理VirtualBox上的锁文件
等待CDP就绪（标签页加载完成）
启动超时5分钟

ctrl._send(method, params) → dict

向Chrome发送CDP命令并返回结果。

python
result = ctrl._send(Runtime.evaluate, {
expression: document.title,
returnByValue: True
})

→ {result: {value: 页面标题}}

常用命令：

- Page.navigate - 导航到URL
Runtime.evaluate - 运行JavaScript
Input.insertText - 输入文本
Storage.getCookies - 读取Cookie（用于会话持久化）

完整CDP参考： ChromeDevTools 协议

ctrl.js(code) → result

在页面上下文中执行JavaScript并获取结果。

python
title = ctrl.js(document.title)
value = ctrl.js(document.getElementById(email).value)
color = ctrl.js(getComputedStyle(document.body).backgroundColor)

返回： JavaScript结果（字符串、对象、布尔值等）

ctrl.click(x, y)

在像素坐标处点击（CDP方法）。

python

获取元素位置

pos = ctrl.js(
(() => {
const el = document.getElementById(button);
const r = el.getBoundingClientRect();
return {x: r.left + r.width/2, y: r.top + r.height/2};
})()
)

点击元素中心

ctrl.click(pos[x], pos[y])

ctrl.screenshot(filepath) → bytes

截取屏幕截图并保存到文件。

python
ctrl.screenshot(/tmp/page.png)
print(截图已保存)

检查大小

import os size = os.path.getsize(/tmp/page.png) print(f大小: {size} 字节)

验证辅助函数 (src/verify_helpers.py)

screen_hash(ctrl) → str

获取渲染页面的MD5哈希（变更检测）。

python
hashbefore = screenhash(ctrl)
ctrl.js(document.body.innerHTML =

已更改

)
hashafter = screenhash(ctrl)

assert hashbefore != hashafter, 页面未更改

返回： 32字符MD5十六进制字符串

用于： 无需像素级比较即可检测视觉变化

current_url(ctrl) → str

获取当前页面URL。

python
url = current_url(ctrl)
print(f当前: {url})

assert example.com in url, 页面错误

dom_exists(ctrl, selector) → bool

检查元素是否存在于DOM中（未隐藏）。

python
if dom_exists(ctrl, #submit-button):
ctrl.js(document.querySelector(#submit-button).click())
else:
print(未找到按钮)

桌面自动化 (src/desktop_helpers.py)

launch(app, *args, wait=2) → (proc, display)

启动桌面应用程序。

python
proc, display = launch(gedit, wait=2)

→ 运行中: gedit on DISPLAY=:99

常用应用：

- gedit - 文本编辑器
nautilus - 文件管理器
gnome-terminal - 终端
firefox - 浏览器

返回： (subprocess.Popen, display_string)

type_text(text, display=None)

通过X11 xdotool输入文本（用于桌面应用）。

python
proc, display = launch(gedit, wait=2)
type_text(你好，UIAgent！, display=display)

Gedit现在包含：你好，UIAgent！

使用： xdotool进行X11键盘模拟

press_key(key, display=None)

按下按键（Tab、Enter、Ctrl+S等）。

python
press_key(ctrl+s, display=display) # 保存
press_key(Tab, display=display) # 下一个字段
press_key(Return, display=display) # 提交

常用按键：

- Tab、Return、Escape
ctrl+c、ctrl+s、ctrl+z
alt+f4

会话持久化（v1.0功能）

Chrome重启后的Cookie持久化

问题： Chrome在无头模式下关闭时不会将Cookie刷新到SQLite。

解决方案： 使用JavaScript + CDP Storage API

python

关闭前：从内存保存Cookie

result = ctrl._send(Storage.getCookies, {})
saved_cookies = result.get(cookies, [])

关闭Chrome

from src.chromesessionvbox_fixed import close close() time.sleep(2)

重新启动

ctrl2 = get_ctrl()

通过JavaScript恢复Cookie

for cookie in saved_cookies: js = fdocument.cookie = {cookie[name]}={cookie[value]}; path=/; secure; samesite=none; ctrl2.js(js)

导航验证

ctrl2._send(Page.navigate, {url: https://httpbin.org/cookies}) time.sleep(2)

page = ctrl2.js(document.body.innerText)
assert cookie[value] in page, Cookie未持久化
print(✅ Cookie在重启后存活)

为什么有效：

1. Storage.getCookies 读取Chrome的内存Cookie存储（无SQLite依赖）
document.cookie =

ui-agent通用UI自动化

ui-agent

UIAgent: Universal UI Automation Skill

Description

Quick Start

Installation

Minimal Example

Real Test Example

API Reference

Chrome Control (src/cdp_typer.py)

get_ctrl() → CDPTyper

ctrl._send(method, params) → dict

ctrl.js(code) → result

ctrl.click(x, y)

ctrl.screenshot(filepath) → bytes

Verification Helpers (src/verify_helpers.py)

screen_hash(ctrl) → str

current_url(ctrl) → str

dom_exists(ctrl, selector) → bool

Desktop Automation (src/desktop_helpers.py)

launch(app, *args, wait=2) → (proc, display)

type_text(text, display=None)

press_key(key, display=None)

Session Persistence (v1.0 Feature)

Cookie Survival Across Chrome Restart

Patterns & Best Practices

Pattern 1: Form Filling with Verification

Pattern 2: Error Detection & Recovery

Pattern 3: Multi-Tab Coordination

Pattern 4: Screenshot-Based Assertion

Architecture

Component Stack

Key Components

Test Evidence (v1.0)

Browser Tests (13)

Desktop Tests (2)

Troubleshooting

"Chrome exited immediately"

"CDP not ready after 20s"

"Focus not moving between fields"

Performance

Version History

v1.0 (Current)

v1.1 (Planned)

FAQ

Support & Contributing

UIAgent: 通用UI自动化技能

描述

快速开始

安装

添加到项目

最小示例

启动浏览器

导航

填写表单字段

验证

读取标题

真实测试示例

之前状态

做出更改

之后状态

验证更改是否真实

API 参考

Chrome 控制 (src/cdp_typer.py)

get_ctrl() → CDPTyper

ctrl._send(method, params) → dict

→ {result: {value: 页面标题}}

ctrl.js(code) → result

ctrl.click(x, y)

获取元素位置

点击元素中心

ctrl.screenshot(filepath) → bytes

检查大小

验证辅助函数 (src/verify_helpers.py)

screen_hash(ctrl) → str

已更改

current_url(ctrl) → str

dom_exists(ctrl, selector) → bool

桌面自动化 (src/desktop_helpers.py)

launch(app, *args, wait=2) → (proc, display)

Chrome Control (`src/cdp_typer.py`)

`get_ctrl()` → CDPTyper

`ctrl._send(method, params)` → dict

`ctrl.js(code)` → result

`ctrl.click(x, y)`

`ctrl.screenshot(filepath)` → bytes

Verification Helpers (`src/verify_helpers.py`)

`screen_hash(ctrl)` → str

`current_url(ctrl)` → str

`dom_exists(ctrl, selector)` → bool

Desktop Automation (`src/desktop_helpers.py`)

`launch(app, *args, wait=2)` → (proc, display)

`type_text(text, display=None)`

`press_key(key, display=None)`