UX Writing (Deep Workflow)
UX writing is interface design with words: reduce cognitive load, prevent errors, and build trust. It is not marketing polish bolted on at the end.
When to Offer This Workflow
Trigger conditions:
- - Confusing errors, high drop-off flows, empty states that feel broken
- Inconsistent terminology across product
- Accessibility review flags unclear labels or verbose instructions
- Preparing voice & tone guidelines for a design system
Initial offer:
Use six stages: (1) context & users, (2) voice & tone, (3) clarity & structure, (4) errors & recovery, (5) forms & validation, (6) a11y & localization. Ask for screenshots, current copy, and metrics (support tickets, drop-off).
Stage 1: Context & Users
Goal: Copy matches mental model and emotional state.
Questions
- 1. User goal on this screen—primary action?
- Stress level: billing, security, health—tone adjusts
- Expertise: first-time vs power user—progressive disclosure
Constraints
- - Character limits in UI components; legal must-review text
Exit condition: Scenario brief per screen or flow—not generic “friendly.”
Stage 2: Voice & Tone
Goal: Consistent personality with flexible tone by context.
Voice (stable)
- - Principles: e.g., clear, respectful, confident, human—pick 3–4 and define anti-patterns
Tone (situational)
- - Success: brief affirmation
- Error: calm, no blame; next step forward
- Empty state: invite action without condescension
Terminology
- - Glossary: “Workspace” vs “Project”—one term per concept; align with engineering names users see in API/docs
Exit condition: Before/after examples for three contexts (success, error, empty).
Stage 3: Clarity & Structure
Goal: Scannable text—front-load meaning.
Practices
- - Titles specific: “Payment failed” not “Something went wrong” (unless generic is truly unknown)
- Buttons use verbs: “Save address” not “OK”
- Sentence case per style guide; avoid ALL CAPS except acronyms
- Numbers/dates: user locale; relative time when helpful (“Updated 2 min ago”)
Microcopy hierarchy
- - Primary message → secondary detail → tertiary learn more
Exit condition: Redundant words cut; one idea per sentence in critical paths.
Stage 4: Errors & Recovery
Goal: Users understand what happened and what to do next.
Structure
- - What happened (plain language, no codes alone)
- Why (if known and helpful—not stack traces)
- What to do (steps, link to support, retry)
- Support path when stuck
Security
- - Don’t leak whether an email exists on login if policy requires ambiguity—coordinate with security
Exit condition: Top 10 error states have rewritten copy + engineering alignment on truth of messages.
Stage 5: Forms & Validation
Goal: Inline help and validation text accessible and timely.
Practices
- - Label every input; don’t rely on placeholder alone as label
- Errors associated programmatically (
aria-describedby); announce on submit failure - Password rules visible before typing when complex
- Success confirmation for destructive actions
Tone on errors
- - Avoid shame (“Invalid input”) → neutral (“Enter a date after Jan 1, 2024”)
Exit condition: Form review checklist applied to highest-traffic form.
Stage 6: Accessibility & Localization
Goal: Text works for screen readers and translation.
Accessibility
- - Alt text for meaningful images; decorative marked so
- Instructions not color-only; error identification not by color alone
Localization (i18n)
- - No concatenated strings with word order assumptions across languages
- Punctuation and formality per locale—pseudolocale QA for overflow
Exit condition: String extraction friendly; no embedded HTML in strings without plan.
Final Review Checklist
- - [ ] Voice/tone documented with examples
- [ ] Critical paths scannable; verbs on CTAs
- [ ] Errors: cause + next step + support path
- [ ] Forms: labels, validation, a11y association
- [ ] i18n-safe string patterns
Tips for Effective Guidance
- - Read aloud—if awkward, revise.
- Pair with design: copy length affects layout; don’t fight the grid blindly.
- For AI products, clarify machine vs human responsibility in copy.
Handling Deviations
- - Dense enterprise UIs: prioritize task efficiency over personality.
- Regulated industries: legal review loop—suggest plain alternatives, not legal advice.
UX写作(深度工作流)
UX写作是用文字进行界面设计:降低认知负荷、预防错误、建立信任。它不是在最后阶段才添加的市场营销修饰。
何时提供此工作流
触发条件:
- - 令人困惑的错误、高流失率的流程、感觉有问题的空状态
- 产品中术语不一致
- 无障碍审查标记出不清晰的标签或冗长的说明
- 为设计系统准备语气与语调指南
初始提供:
使用六个阶段:(1) 情境与用户、(2) 语气与语调、(3) 清晰度与结构、(4) 错误与恢复、(5) 表单与验证、(6) 无障碍与本地化。要求提供截图、当前文案和指标(支持工单、流失率)。
阶段1:情境与用户
目标: 文案匹配心智模型和情绪状态。
问题
- 1. 此屏幕上的用户目标——主要操作是什么?
- 压力水平:账单、安全、健康——语调相应调整
- 专业程度:首次使用 vs 高级用户——渐进式披露
约束条件
退出条件: 每个屏幕或流程的场景简报——而非泛泛的“友好”。
阶段2:语气与语调
目标: 一致的个性,根据情境灵活调整语调。
语气(稳定)
- - 原则:例如清晰、尊重、自信、人性化——选择3-4个并定义反模式
语调(情境性)
- - 成功:简短肯定
- 错误:冷静、不责备;提供下一步操作
- 空状态:邀请操作,不显居高临下
术语
- - 词汇表:“工作区” vs “项目”——每个概念一个术语;与用户在API/文档中看到的工程名称保持一致
退出条件: 针对三个情境(成功、错误、空状态)的前后对比示例。
阶段3:清晰度与结构
目标: 可扫描的文本——前置核心含义。
实践
- - 标题具体化:“支付失败”而非“出错了”(除非确实不知道具体错误)
- 按钮使用动词:“保存地址”而非“确定”
- 按照风格指南使用句子大小写;避免全大写,除非是缩写
- 数字/日期:用户本地化;在有用时使用相对时间(“2分钟前更新”)
微文案层级
退出条件: 删除冗余词语;关键路径中每个句子一个观点。
阶段4:错误与恢复
目标: 用户理解发生了什么以及接下来该做什么。
结构
- - 发生了什么(通俗语言,不单独使用代码)
- 原因(如果已知且有用——不是堆栈跟踪)
- 该做什么(步骤、支持链接、重试)
- 遇到困难时的支持路径
安全
- - 如果策略要求模糊处理,不要泄露登录时邮箱是否存在——与安全团队协调
退出条件: 前10个错误状态已重写文案 + 与工程团队就消息的真实性达成一致。
阶段5:表单与验证
目标: 内联帮助和验证文本可访问且及时。
实践
- - 为每个输入添加标签;不要仅依赖占位符作为标签
- 错误通过编程方式关联(aria-describedby);在提交失败时通知
- 复杂密码规则在输入之前可见
- 破坏性操作的成功确认
错误时的语调
- - 避免羞辱(“无效输入”)→ 中性(“输入2024年1月1日之后的日期”)
退出条件: 将表单审查清单应用于流量最高的表单。
阶段6:无障碍与本地化
目标: 文本适用于屏幕阅读器和翻译。
无障碍
- - 有意义的图片添加替代文本;装饰性图片标记为装饰
- 说明不依赖颜色;错误识别不单独依赖颜色
本地化(i18n)
- - 不要使用假设词序的拼接字符串(跨语言)
- 根据地区调整标点和正式程度——使用伪本地化进行溢出质量检查
退出条件: 字符串提取友好;不要在字符串中嵌入HTML而不做规划。
最终审查清单
- - [ ] 语气/语调已记录并附示例
- [ ] 关键路径可扫描;行动号召使用动词
- [ ] 错误:原因 + 下一步 + 支持路径
- [ ] 表单:标签、验证、无障碍关联
- [ ] 国际化安全的字符串模式
有效指导技巧
- - 大声朗读——如果别扭,就修改。
- 与设计配合:文案长度影响布局;不要盲目对抗网格。
- 对于AI产品,在文案中明确机器与人类的责任。
处理偏差
- - 密集的企业级UI:优先考虑任务效率而非个性。
- 受监管行业:法律审查循环——建议通俗替代方案,而非法律建议。